Reflect on the challenges and opportunities for India in maximizing its demographic dividend

 Demographic dividend occurs when working age (18-60) is the largest section of population.

Challenges in maximizing demographic dividend

  • Shortage of human capital: People only become capital if they are educated, healthy and motivated. India lacks in all these.
  • Lack of investment in social sectors; investment in health is less than 1% of GDP.
  •  Incomplete liberalization of economy.
  • Prevailing gender, caste discrimination and communalism. 

Opportunities

  • India is world's largest young population
  • India is market oriented, democratic and export driven
  • Lead in service industry and growing research and development
  • Commitment to reform NEP, POSHAN, 1991 reforms,...
India has the potential to be worlds largest economy, it needs reforms leveraging its current demographic dividend to get there.

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